Botany Qualification related questions

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: June 21, 2024

Which of the following is the primary function of leaves? a) Absorption b) Photosynthesis c) Respiration d) Storage Answer: b) Photosynthesis Which plant hormone is responsible for cell elongation? a) Auxin b) Cytokinin c) Gibberellin d) Ethylene Answer: a) Auxin What is the process by which plants make their food using sunlight? a) Respiration b) Photosynthesis c) Transpiration d) Fermentation Answer: b) Photosynthesis In which part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily occur? a) Roots b) Stem c) Leaves d) Flowers Answer: c) Leaves Which pigment is responsible for the green color in plants? a) Carotene b) Xanthophyll c) Chlorophyll d) Anthocyanin Answer: c) Chlorophyll What is the term for a plant that completes its life cycle in one year? a) Biennial b) Perennial c) Annual d) Deciduous Answer: c) Annual Which of the following is NOT a function of the root? a) Anchorage b) Absorption of water c) Photosynthesis d) Storage of nutrients Answer: c) Photosynthesis What type of root system is characterized by a main root growing straight down with smaller lateral roots? a) Taproot b) Fibrous root c) Adventitious root d) Prop root Answer: a) Taproot Which plant tissue is responsible for the transport of water and nutrients from the roots to other parts of the plant? a) Phloem b) Xylem c) Cambium d) Epidermis Answer: b) Xylem Which structure protects the tip of a growing root? a) Root hair b) Root cap c) Root cortex d) Root meristem Answer: b) Root cap Which part of the flower is responsible for producing pollen? a) Stigma b) Ovary c) Anther d) Petal Answer: c) Anther What is the main function of the stoma (plural: stomata) in plant leaves? a) Transporting nutrients b) Exchanging gases c) Photosynthesis d) Structural support Answer: b) Exchanging gases What is the term for the loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of plants, especially through the stomata? a) Translocation b) Transpiration c) Absorption d) Osmosis Answer: b) Transpiration What is the primary purpose of flowers in plants? a) Photosynthesis b) Respiration c) Reproduction d) Storage Answer: c) Reproduction Which plant hormone is involved in fruit ripening? a) Auxin b) Gibberellin c) Ethylene d) Cytokinin Answer: c) Ethylene Which process involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma? a) Fertilization b) Germination c) Pollination d) Vegetation Answer: c) Pollination What is the function of xylem in plants? a) Transporting water and minerals b) Transporting food c) Providing structural support d) Reproduction Answer: a) Transporting water and minerals What type of tissue is primarily involved in the transport of nutrients and food in plants? a) Xylem b) Phloem c) Epidermis d) Sclerenchyma Answer: b) Phloem Which part of the plant is responsible for the synthesis of proteins? a) Chloroplast b) Nucleus c) Ribosome d) Vacuole Answer: c) Ribosome What is the term for the part of the plant embryo that develops into the shoot? a) Radicle b) Plumule c) Cotyledon d) Hypocotyl Answer: b) Plumule Which gas is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis? a) Oxygen b) Nitrogen c) Carbon dioxide d) Methane Answer: c) Carbon dioxide Which of the following is a modified underground stem? a) Tuber b) Root c) Leaf d) Flower Answer: a) Tuber What is the term for plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit? a) Gymnosperms b) Angiosperms c) Pteridophytes d) Bryophytes Answer: b) Angiosperms Which part of the seed is responsible for storing food for the developing embryo? a) Endosperm b) Cotyledon c) Seed coat d) Embryo Answer: a) Endosperm Which type of plant tissue is responsible for growth and repair? a) Meristematic tissue b) Vascular tissue c) Ground tissue d) Dermal tissue Answer: a) Meristematic tissue Which structure in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis? a) Mitochondria b) Ribosome c) Chloroplast d) Golgi apparatus Answer: c) Chloroplast What is the term for the movement of water through a plant from the roots to the leaves? a) Capillary action b) Transpiration stream c) Osmosis d) Diffusion Answer: b) Transpiration stream Which of the following is an example of a fibrous root system? a) Carrot b) Radish c) Wheat d) Beetroot Answer: c) Wheat What type of plant tissue is responsible for transporting sugars and other organic compounds? a) Xylem b) Phloem c) Sclerenchyma d) Collenchyma Answer: b) Phloem What term describes the growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus? a) Phototropism b) Geotropism c) Hydrotropism d) Tropism Answer: d) Tropism What is the term for the vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves? a) Phloem b) Xylem c) Sclerenchyma d) Parenchyma Answer: b) Xylem Which type of plant is known for its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil? a) Legumes b) Grasses c) Ferns d) Mosses Answer: a) Legumes What is the primary role of the plant’s vascular cambium? a) Transport of nutrients b) Photosynthesis c) Secondary growth d) Gas exchange Answer: c) Secondary growth What is the function of the root hairs on a plant root? a) Absorption of water and nutrients b) Protection from soil pathogens c) Storage of food d) Anchorage Answer: a) Absorption of water and nutrients What is the outermost layer of cells in the plant root and shoot called? a) Cortex b) Epidermis c) Endodermis d) Pericycle Answer: b) Epidermis Which hormone is primarily involved in plant stress responses? a) Auxin b) Abscisic acid c) Gibberellin d) Cytokinin Answer: b) Abscisic acid What is the term for the process by which seeds sprout and begin to grow? a) Pollination b) Fertilization c) Germination d) Transpiration Answer: c) Germination Which part of the leaf is primarily responsible for gas exchange? a) Cuticle b) Stomata c) Mesophyll d) Veins Answer: b) Stomata Which of the following is a characteristic of dicotyledonous plants? a) Parallel leaf venation b) Single cotyledon c) Flower parts in multiples of three d) Net-like leaf venation Answer: d) Net-like leaf venation What is the term for a non-reproductive part of a plant such as a leaf, stem, or root? a) Reproductive organ b) Vegetative organ c) Spore d) Gamete Answer: b) Vegetative organ Which part of the plant is primarily involved in anchorage and absorption of water and nutrients? a) Leaves b) Flowers c) Stems d) Roots Answer: d) Roots What is the main role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis? a) Absorption of sunlight b) Production of glucose c) Storage of energy d) Absorption of carbon dioxide Answer: a) Absorption of sunlight Which structure in a plant cell stores water and maintains cell pressure? a) Nucleus b) Mitochondrion c) Vacuole d) Golgi apparatus Answer: c) Vacuole Which term describes the loss of water vapor through the stomata in leaves? a) Absorption b) Transpiration c) Photosynthesis d) Respiration Answer: b) Transpiration Which part of the flower becomes the fruit? a) Petal b) Stigma c) Ovary d) Anther Answer: c) Ovary What is the term for the mutualistic relationship between a fungus and the roots of a plant? a) Parasitism b) Mycorrhiza c) Symbiosis d) Commensalism Answer: b) Mycorrhiza Which term describes the growth of a plant in response to light? a) Geotropism b) Thigmotropism c) Hydrotropism d) Phototropism Answer: d) Phototropism What are the primary components of the plant cell wall? a) Proteins b) Lipids c) Cellulose d) Nucleic acids Answer: c) Cellulose What is the main function of the phloem in vascular plants? a) Transporting water and minerals b) Transporting organic nutrients c) Providing structural support d) Gas exchange Answer: b) Transporting organic nutrients Which type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes in plants? a) Asexual reproduction b) Vegetative propagation c) Sexual reproduction d) Budding Answer: c) Sexual reproduction