1. Motivation in education can help students by:
(A) Increasing cognitive processing
(B) Reducing persistence
(C) Lowering goal clarity
(D) Limiting effort
2. Which of the following is not listed as an effect of motivation in education?
(A) Directing behavior toward goals
(B) Enhancing persistence
(C) Weakening performance
(D) Increasing effort
3. When students are not internally motivated, teachers must provide:
(A) Performance grading
(B) Situated motivation
(C) Punishments
(D) Strict deadlines
4. Behavioral approaches suggest that teachers should:
(A) Use reinforcement to strengthen desired behaviors
(B) Focus on students' internal beliefs only
(C) Ignore past experiences
(D) Avoid rewarding students
5. According to behavioral approaches, student motivation is shaped by:
(A) Future expectations
(B) Their previous reinforcing experiences
(C) Class rankings
(D) Peer approval only
6. Cognitive approaches emphasize that teachers should:
(A) Rely only on punishment
(B) Study students to understand their underlying motives
(C) Only focus on external rewards
(D) Ignore performance goals
7. Cognitive theories suggest teachers should focus on:
(A) Increasing mastery goals
(B) Increasing performance comparison
(C) Promoting competition
(D) Reducing student autonomy
8. According to cognitive approaches, students sometimes avoid attempting tasks because:
(A) They want to challenge themselves
(B) They lack fear of failure
(C) The desire to avoid failure may outweigh motivation to succeed
(D) They want to master the curriculum deeply
9. Social learning approaches emphasize that teachers should ensure students experience:
(A) Constant competition
(B) Only failure
(C) Occasional physical rewards
(D) Success experiences
10. In social learning theory, motivation is influenced by students' judgments about their:
(A) Peer support
(B) Self-efficacy
(C) Classroom décor
(D) Teacher’s personality
11. Social learning approaches stress that self-evaluation is influenced by:
(A) Observing others’ achievements
(B) Teacher grades only
(C) Classroom rules
(D) Family economic background
12. Humanistic approaches emphasize:
(A) Only academic performance
(B) Students’ welfare and emotional needs
(C) Strict discipline
(D) Avoiding student individuality
13. According to humanistic theories, teachers should understand that some students prioritize:
(A) Only competition
(B) Belonging, safety, and self-esteem
(C) Performance ranks
(D) Extrinsic rewards only
14. A student with strong group belonging needs may struggle if:
(A) The teacher aligns with group norms
(B) The teacher acts against group values
(C) Peers support the student
(D) The curriculum is easy
15. Humanistic approaches require teachers to acknowledge that their own values:
(A) Have no influence on students
(B) Can greatly affect student motivation
(C) Should be hidden entirely
(D) Are unimportant in the classroom