Anesthetic considerations for cesarean section

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 13, 2024

• What is the most commonly used anesthetic technique for elective cesarean section?
  a) General anesthesia
  b) Spinal anesthesia
  c) Epidural anesthesia
  d) Local anesthesiaAnswer: b) Spinal anesthesia
• Which anesthetic technique provides rapid onset and excellent analgesia for cesarean sections?
  a) General anesthesia
  b) Spinal anesthesia
  c) Epidural anesthesia
  d) Local anesthesiaAnswer: b) Spinal anesthesia
• What is the primary advantage of spinal anesthesia over general anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Faster recovery from anesthesia
  b) Less risk of aspiration
  c) Reduced maternal hypotension
  d) Improved neonatal outcomesAnswer: b) Less risk of aspiration
• Which medication is commonly used as a local anesthetic in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Bupivacaine
  b) Lidocaine
  c) Ropivacaine
  d) MepivacaineAnswer: a) Bupivacaine
• What is the typical dose of bupivacaine used for spinal anesthesia in cesarean section?
  a) 5-10 mg
  b) 10-15 mg
  c) 15-20 mg
  d) 20-25 mgAnswer: b) 10-15 mg
• Which of the following is a common side effect of spinal anesthesia?
  a) Nausea
  b) Drowsiness
  c) Hypotension
  d) HyperthermiaAnswer: c) Hypotension
• What is a common method to prevent hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Administering vasoconstrictors
  b) Increasing fluid intake
  c) Using epidural anesthesia
  d) Preloading with intravenous fluidsAnswer: d) Preloading with intravenous fluids
• Which opioid is often combined with local anesthetics in spinal anesthesia for cesarean sections to enhance analgesia?
  a) Morphine
  b) Fentanyl
  c) Hydromorphone
  d) MethadoneAnswer: b) Fentanyl
• What is the primary concern when using general anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Risk of aspiration
  b) Prolonged recovery time
  c) High cost
  d) Maternal hypotensionAnswer: a) Risk of aspiration
• Which medication is commonly used to prevent aspiration during general anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Metoclopramide
  b) Ondansetron
  c) Diphenhydramine
  d) RanitidineAnswer: a) Metoclopramide
• Which type of anesthesia is often preferred for emergency cesarean sections due to its rapid onset?
  a) Epidural anesthesia
  b) Spinal anesthesia
  c) General anesthesia
  d) Local anesthesiaAnswer: b) Spinal anesthesia
• Which factor is crucial in determining the choice of anesthetic technique for cesarean section?
  a) Maternal preference
  b) Fetal position
  c) Duration of surgery
  d) Maternal health statusAnswer: d) Maternal health status
• Which of the following is a contraindication for spinal anesthesia in cesarean section?
  a) Maternal hypertension
  b) Coagulation disorders
  c) Previous cesarean delivery
  d) Multiple gestationAnswer: b) Coagulation disorders
• What is the typical onset time for spinal anesthesia in cesarean section?
  a) 5-10 minutes
  b) 10-15 minutes
  c) 15-20 minutes
  d) 20-30 minutesAnswer: a) 5-10 minutes
• Which of the following is NOT a common complication of spinal anesthesia?
  a) Spinal headache
  b) Respiratory depression
  c) Hypotension
  d) BackacheAnswer: b) Respiratory depression
• What is the common position of the patient for administering spinal anesthesia in cesarean section?
  a) Supine
  b) Prone
  c) Lateral
  d) TrendelenburgAnswer: a) Supine
• Which medication is used to reverse hypotension caused by spinal anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Phenylephrine
  b) Epinephrine
  c) Atropine
  d) NaloxoneAnswer: a) Phenylephrine
• What is the preferred method for pain control during the recovery phase after cesarean section?
  a) Epidural analgesia
  b) Oral analgesics
  c) Intravenous opioids
  d) Regional blocksAnswer: a) Epidural analgesia
• Which local anesthetic is used for continuous epidural infusion in cesarean section?
  a) Lidocaine
  b) Bupivacaine
  c) Ropivacaine
  d) MepivacaineAnswer: b) Bupivacaine
• What is the primary goal of using epidural anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) To provide complete pain relief
  b) To avoid muscle relaxation
  c) To reduce intraoperative bleeding
  d) To minimize maternal hypotensionAnswer: a) To provide complete pain relief
• Which of the following is a common side effect of epidural anesthesia?
  a) Increased appetite
  b) Urinary retention
  c) Hyperthermia
  d) InsomniaAnswer: b) Urinary retention
• What is a potential risk of administering general anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Increased risk of neonatal respiratory depression
  b) Enhanced analgesia
  c) Reduced risk of maternal hypotension
  d) Faster recovery from anesthesiaAnswer: a) Increased risk of neonatal respiratory depression
• Which technique is used to avoid hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Continuous infusion of fluids
  b) Use of vasoconstrictors
  c) Trendelenburg position
  d) Both a and bAnswer: d) Both a and b
• Which of the following anesthetic agents can cross the placenta and affect the neonate?
  a) Lidocaine
  b) Bupivacaine
  c) Ropivacaine
  d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above
• What is the common dose of fentanyl added to the spinal anesthesia solution for cesarean section?
  a) 10-20 mcg
  b) 25-50 mcg
  c) 50-100 mcg
  d) 100-200 mcgAnswer: b) 25-50 mcg
• What is the most common complication of general anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Aspiration pneumonia
  b) Postoperative nausea
  c) Bradycardia
  d) High blood pressureAnswer: a) Aspiration pneumonia
• Which patient position can be used to improve fetal oxygenation during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia?
  a) Left lateral decubitus
  b) Supine with a wedge under the right hip
  c) Prone
  d) Sitting uprightAnswer: b) Supine with a wedge under the right hip
• Which of the following is a potential complication of epidural anesthesia?
  a) High spinal block
  b) Hemorrhage
  c) Infection at the insertion site
  d) All of the aboveAnswer: d) All of the above
• Which anesthetic technique is considered safest for both the mother and the neonate during cesarean section?
  a) General anesthesia
  b) Spinal anesthesia
  c) Epidural anesthesia
  d) Local anesthesiaAnswer: b) Spinal anesthesia
• What is a typical dose of morphine used for post-operative pain control via epidural route after cesarean section?
  a) 1-2 mg
  b) 2-4 mg
  c) 4-6 mg
  d) 6-8 mgAnswer: b) 2-4 mg
• Which local anesthetic is preferred for its minimal motor block effects during cesarean section?
  a) Lidocaine
  b) Ropivacaine
  c) Bupivacaine
  d) MepivacaineAnswer: b) Ropivacaine
• What is the typical duration of action for a single dose of spinal bupivacaine?
  a) 1-2 hours
  b) 2-4 hours
  c) 4-6 hours
  d) 6-8 hoursAnswer: b) 2-4 hours
• Which medication is used to manage postoperative pain following cesarean section if epidural analgesia is not used?
  a) Intravenous acetaminophen
  b) Oral opioids
  c) Topical analgesics
  d) Both a and bAnswer: d) Both a and b
• What is the main advantage of using a combined spinal-epidural technique for cesarean section?
  a) Faster onset and prolonged analgesia
  b) Lower risk of hypotension
  c) Reduced risk of infection
  d) No need for maternal positioningAnswer: a) Faster onset and prolonged analgesia
• Which patient factor is most likely to influence the choice of anesthetic technique for cesarean section?
  a) Maternal age
  b) Fetal heart rate
  c) Maternal medical history
  d) Duration of laborAnswer: c) Maternal medical history
• What is the common complication associated with failed spinal anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Incomplete pain relief
  b) Increased blood loss
  c) Prolonged recovery
  d) Respiratory depressionAnswer: a) Incomplete pain relief
• What is the primary reason for using a preoperative epidural bolus in patients undergoing cesarean section?
  a) To reduce postoperative pain
  b) To facilitate rapid induction
  c) To ensure effective intraoperative analgesia
  d) To prevent nauseaAnswer: c) To ensure effective intraoperative analgesia
• Which of the following is a potential side effect of high-dose bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia?
  a) Seizures
  b) Nausea
  c) Headache
  d) FeverAnswer: a) Seizures
• How is the spinal needle positioned for optimal placement of anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Perpendicular to the lumbar spine
  b) Parallel to the lumbar spine
  c) Angled at 30 degrees
  d) At a 45-degree angleAnswer: a) Perpendicular to the lumbar spine
• What is the typical volume of local anesthetic used in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) 5-10 mL
  b) 10-15 mL
  c) 15-20 mL
  d) 20-30 mLAnswer: a) 5-10 mL
• What is the risk of performing spinal anesthesia in a patient with a history of severe scoliosis?
  a) Increased risk of spinal headache
  b) Difficulty in needle placement
  c) Higher incidence of hypotension
  d) Increased risk of infectionAnswer: b) Difficulty in needle placement
• What is the recommended position for the patient during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section to enhance the effectiveness of the block?
  a) Left lateral decubitus
  b) Supine with a left tilt
  c) Prone
  d) Sitting uprightAnswer: b) Supine with a left tilt
• Which of the following is an indication for the use of general anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) Patient refusal of regional anesthesia
  b) Severe maternal hypotension
  c) Premature rupture of membranes
  d) Non-reassuring fetal heart rateAnswer: a) Patient refusal of regional anesthesia
• What is the typical duration of epidural analgesia used for postoperative pain control after cesarean section?
  a) 1-2 hours
  b) 2-4 hours
  c) 4-6 hours
  d) 6-8 hoursAnswer: c) 4-6 hours
• Which medication is commonly administered to manage pruritus caused by opioids in epidural anesthesia?
  a) Ondansetron
  b) Diphenhydramine
  c) Naloxone
  d) MetoclopramideAnswer: b) Diphenhydramine
• What is the maximum recommended dose of lidocaine for local anesthesia during cesarean section?
  a) 200 mg
  b) 300 mg
  c) 400 mg
  d) 500 mgAnswer: b) 300 mg
• Which of the following is NOT a common complication of spinal anesthesia?
  a) Post-dural puncture headache
  b) Fever
  c) Respiratory depression
  d) NauseaAnswer: c) Respiratory depression
• Which technique allows for the administration of a continuous block with an initial bolus dose in cesarean section?
  a) Single-shot spinal block
  b) Continuous epidural infusion
  c) Combined spinal-epidural technique
  d) General anesthesiaAnswer: c) Combined spinal-epidural technique
• What is a primary benefit of using regional anesthesia over general anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Reduced risk of maternal airway complications
  b) Faster onset of analgesia
  c) Improved muscle relaxation
  d) Decreased risk of neonatal hypoglycemiaAnswer: a) Reduced risk of maternal airway complications
• Which monitoring parameter is crucial during administration of spinal anesthesia for cesarean section?
  a) Respiratory rate
  b) Blood pressure
  c) Blood glucose levels
  d) TemperatureAnswer: b) Blood pressure

Topic-wise Anesthesia MCQs

1. Anesthesiology MCQs
2. Anesthesia Basics:
   • Levels of sedation and anesthesia MCQs
   • Stages of anesthesia MCQs
3. Anesthesia Agents MCQs:
   • Inhaled anesthetics MCQs
   • Intravenous anesthetics MCQs
   • Neuromuscular blocking agents MCQs
   • Local anesthetics MCQs
4. Airway Management:
   • Endotracheal intubation MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Supraglottic airway devices MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Video laryngoscopy MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Difficult airway management MCQs – Anesthesia
5. Anesthesia Monitoring MCQs – Anesthesia:
   • Hemodynamic monitoring MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Pulse oximetry MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Capnography MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Temperature monitoring MCQs – Anesthesia
6. Regional Anesthesia MCQs :
   • Epidural anesthesia MCQs
   • Spinal anesthesia MCQs
   • Peripheral nerve blocks MCQs
7. Patient Assessment and Optimization:
   • Pre-operative assessment MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Patient history and physical examination MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Risk assessment and optimization MCQs – Anesthesia
8. Anesthesia Delivery Systems MCQs:
   • Inhalation anesthesia machines MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Intravenous anesthesia techniques MCQs – Anesthesia
9. Pediatric Anesthesia MCQs :
   • Considerations for anesthesia in pediatric patients MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Pediatric airway management MCQs – Anesthesia
   • Pediatric drug dosages MCQs – Anesthesia
10. Obstetric Anesthesia MCQs – Anesthesia:
    • Anesthesia for labor and delivery MCQs
    • Epidural analgesia in obstetrics MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Anesthetic considerations for cesarean section
11. Anesthesia Complications and Emergencies MCQs:
    • Malignant hyperthermia MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Anaphylaxis MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Cardiac arrest during anesthesia MCQs – Anesthesia
12. Post-Anesthesia Care MCQs:
    • Recovery room management MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Pain management strategies MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Post-operative complications related to anesthesia MCQs
13. Geriatric Anesthesia:
    • Considerations for anesthesia in elderly patients MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Geriatric pharmacology MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Management of common comorbidities MCQs – Anesthesia
14. Ethics and Professionalism in Anesthesia MCQs:
    • Informed consent MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Patient autonomy MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Professional conduct and communication MCQs – Anesthesia
15. Simulation and Skills Training MCQs :
    • Hands-on training in airway management and procedures MCQs – Anesthesia
    • Simulation exercises for crisis management MCQs – Anesthesia